DU Juntao;NIE Yi;LYU Jiahe;MA Jiangkai;JIA Huina;ZHANG Minxin;SUN Yikai;ZHENG Shuangshuang;BAI Lu;

• 1:Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology
• 2:Institute of Process Engineering
• 3:Chinese Academy of Sciences
• 4:School of Chemical Engineering

Abstract：

MCMB has the advantages of good lithium ion dispersion,conductivity and mechanical stability,which is a widely used anode material of lithium ion battery with excellent comprehensive performance. However,the low theoretical specific capacity is a key factor for restricting its development. In order to obtain MCMB based anode materials with excellent performance,the modification of MCMB and its composite materials have become the focus of current research and development. So,the effect of microstructure design on electrochemical properties of MCMB lithium-ion battery anode materials was discussed,such as carbon structure,surface interface and composite materials.The influence of carbon structure microstructure design on the electrochemical performance of MCMB was discussed from the aspects of carbon stacking structure type,carbon layer order,carbon layer interlayer spacing and sphere particle size. It is concluded that MCMB with a disordered layer structure generates less internal stress during charging and discharging,and the carbon structure is relatively stable,thereby it has excellent cycle stability. MCMB with a large number of micropores or a large carbon layer spacing,can increase the migration rate of lithium ions in the electrode and provide more lithium storage space during charging and discharging,which often shows excellent charge and discharge specific capacity and rate performance. MCMB with the small particle size has a shorter lithium ion migration path,but the specific surface area of the electrode material will also increase accordingly,which show better rate performance and relatively poor reversible specific capacity and the attenuation of charge discharge efficiency.The influence of surface interface carbon layer modification on the electrochemical properties of MCMB was discussed from the aspects of surface interface modification,coating and doping modification. The literature indicates that the surface carbon layer modification can increase the electrolyte compatibility specific surface area of MCMB with electrolyte,promote the contact area of electrolyte and the lithium storage capacity,and improve the electrochemical performance of lithium ion battery anode materials. In addition,the MCMB surface coating a layer of amorphous carbon can avoid direct contact between its surface and the electrolyte,reduce the electrochemical side reactions and increase the reversible specific capacity. From the aspects of carbon active material composites and non-carbon active material composites,the influence of the microstructure design of the composite materials on the electrochemical performance of MCMB was discussed. The carbon active material can decrease the carbon layer structure order inside the MCMB,which can reduce the internal stress caused by the lithium ion insertion process and improve the cycle stability. Non-carbon active materials can induce MCMB to form a more ordered carbon layer structure and increase its specific surface area,improve the contact ability and the lithium insertion performance between MCMB surface and electrolyte molecules,which is conducive to improving the reversible specific capacity,cycling performance and rate performance of MCMB anode. MCMB possesses the specially structural characteristics,such as the high carbon layer spacing and the multiple defect sites,which is also conducive to the free extraction of sodium ions. When MCMB is applied to sodium ion batteries,it often shows good reversible specific capacity,cycle stability,and rate performance. Similarly,the irregularly oriented layered structure of MCMB has a high specific surface area after activation,so MCMB can be applied to the electrode materials of supercapacitors. Finally,the application of MCMB as lithium ion battery anode materials was prospected. With the development of high-performance lithium ion battery electrode materials,the research focus of MCMB anode materials would be to design the MCMB nanocomposite materials from the perspective of microstructure.

Key Words： mesocarbon microbeads;lithium-ion battery;anode material;composite materials

Abstract:

Keywords:

Foundation: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(21908206);; 中国科学院重点部署项目(ZDRW-ZS-2018-1-3)

Authors: DU Juntao;NIE Yi;LYU Jiahe;MA Jiangkai;JIA Huina;ZHANG Minxin;SUN Yikai;ZHENG Shuangshuang;BAI Lu;

DOI: 10.13226/j.issn.1006-6772.19103102

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