华天熠,龙妍,王斌,刘涛,赵颖娜
HUA Tianyi,LONG Yan,WANG Bin,LIU Tao,ZHAO Yingna

• 1:华中科技大学能源与动力工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

“双碳”背景下，积极发挥计量、标准、合格评定(认证认可和检验检测)等国家质量基础设施(NQI)要素间的协同作用，可为火电等典型行业的率先碳达峰提供重要的一体化质量基础支撑服务。我国NQI协同创新和应用技术水平在个别地区、个别领域可达到国际先进水平，但总体还存在明显差距，NQI协同发展系统化不足，NQI协同的产业支撑能力薄弱。为促进NQI协同发展，构建了基于哈肯模型的NQI协同演化模型以深入探究NQI内部协同机理，根据识别的各要素内部序参量进行合理归一化处理，进而识别出NQI的序参量和关键变量，以系统分析目前我国NQI协同发展情况，并给出NQI协同支撑火电行业低碳发展建议。结果表明：我国NQI协同发展中的序参量为计量要素，关键变量是标准要素，计量要素的发展在NQI协同发展中起正向作用，标准要素的发展尚未对NQI发展形成正反馈作用；我国NQI三要素发展每年均有提升，其中以标准发展最快速，计量次之，合格评定最慢，计量发展受限于标准发展但也在推进，合格评定需要国家出台更多政策推动合格评定发展；我国NQI的发展存在地区差异性，尤其是合格评定的发展，需要国家出台相关政策鼓励不发达地区合格评定机构的发展。最后，在NQI协同支撑火电行业低碳发展方面，要加强碳排放计量等方面的标准制定，加强碳市场数据监管，提高碳数据的透明度和可信度，出台相关政策鼓励发电企业采用先进的低碳排放技术，并积极参与NQI的建设。
Under the background of "dual carbon", actively exerting the synergy of National Quality Infrastructure(NQI) elements such as metrology, standards, conformity assessment(certification and recognition & inspection and testing), which can provide important integrated quality basic support services for the first carbon peak in typical industries such as thermal power. The level of NQI synergy innovation and application technology in China can reach the international advanced level in individual regions and individual fields, but there are still obvious gaps in the overall, the systematic development of NQI synergy is insufficient, and the industrial support capacity of NQI synergy is weak. Therefore, in order to promote the synergetic development of NQI, an NQI coevolution model based on the Haken model was constructed to deeply explore the internal synergetic mechanism of NQI, reasonable normalization processing according to the internal order parameters of each identified element was carried out, and then the order parameters and key variables of NQI was identified, and the current synergetic development of the three elements of NQI in China was systematically analyzed. And NQI syenrgy support thermal power industry low-carbon development suggestions was gave. The results show that the order parameter of NQI synergetic development in China is the metrological factor, and the key variable is the standard factor. The development of the metrological factor plays a positive role in the NQI synergetic development, but the development of the standard factor has not formed a positive feedback effect on the development of NQI. The development of the three elements of NQI in China has been improved every year, among which the development of standards is the fastest, followed by metrology, and conformity assessment is the slowest. Metrology development is limited by the development of standards but it is also advancing. Conformity assessment requires the country to introduce more policies to promote the development of conformity assessment. There are regional differences in the development of NQI in China, especially the development of conformity assessment, which requires the state to introduce relevant policies to encourage the development of conformity assessment institutions in underdeveloped areas. Finally, in terms of NQI synergy support for low-carbon development of thermal power industry, it is necessary to strengthen the formulation of carbon emission metrology standards, strengthen carbon market data supervision, improve the transparency and credibility of carbon data, introduce relevant policies to encourage enterprises to adopt advanced carbon emission technologies, and actively participate in the construction of NQI.

关键词(KeyWords)： 国家质量基础;哈肯模型;协同;计量;标准;合格评定
NQI;Haken model;synergy;metrology;standard;conformity assessment

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFF0601004)

作者(Author): 华天熠,龙妍,王斌,刘涛,赵颖娜
HUA Tianyi,LONG Yan,WANG Bin,LIU Tao,ZHAO Yingna

DOI: 10.13226/j.issn.1006-6772.LC24071301

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