吕作鹏,陶秀祥,温洪宇,王市委,石开仪,程敢
LV Zuo-peng~1,TAO Xiu-xiang~1,WEN Hong-yu~2,WANG Shi-wei~1,SHI Kai-yi~1,CHENG Gan~1(1.School of Chemical Engineering

• 1:中国矿业大学化工学院
• 2:徐州师范大学生命科学学院

摘要(Abstract)：

综述了分子生物技术中PCR-DGGE、cDNA文库法、PLFA、BIOLOG、FISH技术以及生物信息学的基本原理和方法,及其在土壤污染方面的应用。讨论了土壤中常见的2种污染物重金属和有机物对土壤微生物多样性的影响;以及这些技术在土壤微生物的检测、多样性分析等领域中的应用。建议利用分子生物技术获取矿区土壤微生物多样性的信息,建立矿区土壤微生物信息资源库,重点在于整合对重金属有吸附和富集作用的微生物和对有机物有降解作用的微生物的信息收集和处理,为矿区土壤生态恢复提供微观依据。
Summarized the principles and methods of PCR-DGGE、cDNA、PLFA、BIOLOG、FISH and bioinformatics in molecular technology, and its application in the contaminated soil of mining areas. Discussed the influence of the heavy metal pollutant and the organic pollutant on soil microorganic diversity. And the using of these technologies for monitoring the soil pollution and analyzing the diversity of microorganism in soil. So, it's suggested that use molecular technology to obtain the information about microbial diversity in mining soil, and establish the library of microbial -bioinformation , accumulate and treat the information of microbial diversity, which is about microbiological degradation and aggregation . This bioinformatic library will be helpful for the mining soil ecosystem rehabilitation.

关键词(KeyWords)： 污染物;土壤微生物;生态恢复;信息资源库
pollutant;soil microbes;ecology restoration resource library

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(50874107);; 煤炭加工与高效洁净利用教育部重点实验室开放基金(CPEUIKF06-12);; 中国矿业大学科学基金项目(E200407)

作者(Author): 吕作鹏,陶秀祥,温洪宇,王市委,石开仪,程敢
LV Zuo-peng~1,TAO Xiu-xiang~1,WEN Hong-yu~2,WANG Shi-wei~1,SHI Kai-yi~1,CHENG Gan~1(1.School of Chemical Engineering

DOI: 10.13226/j.issn.1006-6772.2009.06.001

参考文献(References)：

• [1 ] 祝兴祥,牟广丰,吴波,等.生态环境保护研究与实践-煤炭开发建设项目[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2006,124-133．
• [2] 王焕校,吴玉树.污染生态学研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2006,314-319．
• [3] 陈承利,廖敏,曾路生.污染土壤微生物群落结构多样性及功能多样性测定方法[J].生态学报,2006,Vol.26． No.10．
• [ 4 ] Rosello M R, Aman R. The species concept for prokaryotes. FEMS Microbiology Reviews,2001,25:39-67．
• [5] 王曙光.环境微生物研究方法与应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2008:84-89．
• [6] 罗海峰,齐鸿雁,薛凯等.PCR-DGGE技术在农田土壤微生物多样性研究中的应用[J].生态学报,2003． 23(8) :1570-1575．
• [ 7 ] KozdrKoj J, Elsas J D. Structral diversity of microbial communities in arable soils of a heavily industrialised area determined by PCR-DGGE fingerprinting and FAME profiling [J]. Applide Soil Ecology, 2001． 17( 1 ) :31-42．
• [ 8 ] Ellis R J, Morgan P, Weightman A J, Fry J C. Cultivation dependent and independent approaches for determi-ning bacteria diversity in heavy-metal-contaminated soil. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2003, 69: 3223-3230．
• [ 9 ] Leys NMEJ, Ryngae A, Bastiaens L, Verstraete W, Top EM,Springael D. Occurrence and phylogenetic diversity of sphingomonas strains in soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2004,70(4) : 1944-1955．
• [10] 黄铭洪.环境污染与生态恢复[M].北京:科学出版社,2003,1 01-111．
• [11] Smit E, Leeflang P, Wernars K. Detection of shifts in microbial community structure and diversity in soil caused by copper contamination using amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis [J]. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 1997． 23 ( 3 ) :249-261．
• [12] 工啸波,唐玉秋,王金华,等.环境样品中DNA的分离纯化和文库构建[J].微生物学报,2001,Vol.41． No.2．
• [13] 李华芝,李秀艳,徐业同.荧光原位杂交技术在微生物群落结构研究中的应用[J].净水技术,2006,25(1) .
• [14] 廖继佩,林先贵,曹志洪.内外生菌根真菌对重金属耐受性及机理[J].土壤,2003,35(5) :370-377．
• [ 15] Andersson B E, Welinder L, Olsson P A, et al. Bioresource Technology,2000,73 : 39-36．
• [16] Zhou Juan, Guo W H, Wang R Q, et al. Microbial community diversity in the profile of an agricultural soil in northern China. Journal of Encironmental Sciences, 20 ( 2008 ) :981-988．
• [17] 滕应,黄昌勇,骆永明,等.铅锌银尾矿区土壤微生物活性及其群落功能多样性研究[J]:土壤学报,2004,41(1) :113-119．
• [18] 杨元根,Paterson E,Campbell C。Biolog方法在区分城市土壤与农村土壤微生物特性上的应用[ J].土壤学报,2002(7) ,Vol.39． No.4．
• [19] 梁威,邱东茹,熊丽,等.荧光原位杂交技术(FISH) 及其在环境微生物学中的应用[J].生命科学,2002,Vol.14No.3．
• [20] Kobabe S. , Wagner D. , Pfeiffer E. M.. Characterisation of microbial community composition of a Siberian tundra soil by fluorescence in situ hybridization [ J]. FEMS Microbiology Ecology ,2004,50( 1 ) : 13-23．
• [21] Liu J, Leff L G. Temporal changes in the bacteriop lankton of a Northeast Ohio( USA ) River, [ J ] , Hydrobiologia ,2002,489 : 151-159．
• [22] BaldiP, BrunakS. Bioinformatics: The Machine Learning Approach[ M]. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 2001．
• [23] 欧阳曙光,贺福初.生物信息学:生物实验数据和计算机技术结合的新领域[J].科学通报,1999,44(14) :1457-1468．
• [24] Kong W D, Zhu Y G,Fu B J,et al. Areviewon microbial gene and com m unity diversity in agricultural soil. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2004,24(12) :2895-2898．
• [25] Kantachote D, Naidu R, Singleton I, et al. Reaistance of microbial populations in DDT-contaminated and uncontaminated soils. Applied Soil Ecology , 2001 (16) :85-90．
• [26] Nikolay S, Distler M, Shannon C,et al. Multipathogen oligonucleotide microarray forenvironmental and biodefense applications . Biosensors and Bioelectronics,2004 (20) :684-698．
• [27] 郑永良,李平,刘德市.生物信息学及其在环境微生物研究中的应用[J].中国生物工程杂志,2005,25(12) :92-96．
• [28] 刘新星,谢建平,霍强,等.生物信息学在生物冶金研究中的应用[J].矿冶工程,2005(10) :Vol.25,No.5,