阙正斌,李德波,肖显斌,刘鹏宇,陈兆立,陈智豪,冯永新
QUE Zhengbin,LI Debo,XIAO Xianbin,LIU Pengyu,CHEN Zhaoli,CHEN Zhihao,FENG Yongxin

• 1:华北电力大学生物质发电成套设备国家工程实验室
• 2:南方电网电力科技股份有限公司
• 3:华北电力大学动力工程系

摘要(Abstract)：

我国垃圾焚烧烟气污染物脱除技术及工艺发展日趋成熟，但存在系统复杂、成本较高等问题。若采用烟气多污染物协同脱除技术替代现有工艺中2种或2种以上的脱除技术，可有效简化工艺系统和减少占地面积，降低污染物脱除成本。总结国内垃圾焚烧烟气多污染物协同脱除技术，从脱除原理、研究进展、工艺流程、工业应用及应用效果等角度展开论述，主要特点为：低温等离子体协同脱除技术对烟气适应性强，能脱除NO_x、SO_2、HCl、Hg~0、二噁英等多种烟气污染物且效率较高，但设备成本高，运行耗电量大；碳基材料协同脱除技术能脱除多种烟气污染物，且能通过解吸再生回收资源，但脱除效率较低且存在二次污染风险；氧化法协同脱除技术主要针对NO_x、SO_2、HCl污染物，要求工艺设置在除尘后，主要存在脱硝效率较低和废水产物难处理等问题；SCR脱硝协同脱除技术对SCR催化剂进行改进，所需催化剂成本较高，但对Hg~0和二噁英的脱除效率不高，且影响脱硝过程和报废催化剂的处理；复合催化滤料协同脱除技术，对粉尘和二噁英的脱除效果均较好，但滤袋成本较高；其他技术如金属化合物吸附/氧化协同脱除技术目前研究应用较少。综合目前的协同脱除技术发展情况分析，可知成本和脱除效率仍是限制技术应用的主要因素，仍需推动技术降本增效。此外由于不同污染物物化性质的差别，在协同脱除过程中相互影响，但目前研究较少涉及，还需深入研究，避免出现竞争和抑制现象，尽可能相互促进、协同脱除。
The technology of pollutant removal from municipal solid waste incineration flue gas in China are becoming more and more mature, but there are some problems with complex system and high cost. If the collaborative removal technology of multi-pollutants in flue gas can be adopted to replace two or more removal technologies in the existing process, the process system can be effectively simplified, the occupation area can be reduced, and even the cost of pollutant removal can be reduced. The cooperative removal technology of multi-pollutants from municipal solid waste incineration flue gas in China was summarized and discussed from the perspectives of removal principle, research progress, technological process, industrial application and application effect. The main advantages and disadvantages are as follows: the low temperature plasma cooperative removal technology has strong adaptability to flue gas, which can remove many kinds of flue gas pollutants such as NO_x, SO_2, HCl, Hg~0, dioxin and so on, with high efficiency, but the equipment cost and the operation power consumption are high. The synergistic removal technology of carbon-based materials can also remove a variety of flue gas pollutants, and can recover resources by desorption and regeneration, but the removal efficiency is low and there is a risk of secondary pollution. The synergistic oxidation removal technology is mainly aimed at NO_x, SO_2 and HCl pollutants, which requires the process to be set up after dust removal, and mainly has the problems of low denitrification efficiency and difficulty in treating wastewater products. The synergistic removal technology of SCR denitrification is an improvement of SCR catalyst, which requires a high cost of catalyst, but the removal efficiency of Hg~0 and dioxin is not high, and affects the denitrification process and the treatment of scrapped catalyst. the synergistic denitrification technology with composite catalytic media has better removal effect on dust and dioxin, but the cost of filter bag is relatively high. Other technologies, such as the synergistic removal of metal compounds by adsorption/oxidation, currently have relatively few research applications. Based on the current development of collaborative removal technology, it can be concluded that cost and removal efficiency are still the main factors limiting the application of technology, and it is still necessary to promote technology to reduce cost and increase efficiency, and further develop and mature. In addition, due to the differences in physical and chemical properties of different pollutants, there is a phenomenon of mutual influence in the process of collaborative removal, but the current research is less involved, and further research is needed to avoid the phenomenon of competition and suppression, as far as possible to achieve mutual promotion and collaborative removal.

关键词(KeyWords)： 城市生活垃圾;焚烧;烟气污染物;协同脱除;工业应用
urban household waste;burn;smoke pollutants;collaborative removal;industrial applications

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中国南方电网公司重点资助项目(NYJS2020KJ005)

作者(Author): 阙正斌,李德波,肖显斌,刘鹏宇,陈兆立,陈智豪,冯永新
QUE Zhengbin,LI Debo,XIAO Xianbin,LIU Pengyu,CHEN Zhaoli,CHEN Zhihao,FENG Yongxin

DOI: 10.13226/j.issn.1006-6772.22011002

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