王小龙,王永东,刘俊杰,李政,熊小鹤
WANG Xiaolong,WANG Yongdong,LIU Junjie,LI Zheng,XIONG Xiaohe

• 1:神华神东煤炭集团有限责任公司
• 2:西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

锅炉受热面腐蚀、超温爆管严重影响机组的安全运行，尤其是在煤质复杂多变、机组频繁调峰的背景下，受热面管材失效，发生泄漏，威胁机组稳定运行。为探究高温下钢材腐蚀行为特性，选取2种典型的锅炉对流受热面常用钢材料T91和Super304H,在空气以及另外2种模拟含硫烟气(H_2S、SO_2)气氛环境中，比较钢材料腐蚀行为特性。结果表明，Super304H钢的抗高温腐蚀性能明显优于T91钢，在3种气氛下，T91钢与Super304H钢的平均腐蚀速率之比最小为2,最大为18;2种钢材均在H_2S气氛下腐蚀速率最大；在SO_2气氛下腐蚀速率最小。从腐蚀产物形貌看，T91钢基体腐蚀后出现明显波纹化痕迹，表面粗糙，腐蚀产物之间分界明显，裂纹变大，出现较多孔状结构，较大的针状腐蚀产物呈脱落趋势；而Super304H钢基体仅在H_2S气氛下出现明显的腐蚀痕迹，在SO_2和O_2气氛下，基体表面总体仍然平整，腐蚀不明显。对腐蚀产物的线扫描分析发现，T91的腐蚀层主要为Cr_2O_3和Fe_2O_3,而Super304H主要为Cr_2O_3、NiO和Fe_2O_3。但对腐蚀层厚度而言，Super304H仅为11.94μm,而T91为34.8μm,说明添加Cr、Ni元素对Super304H的抗氧化性能具有增强效应。虽然2种钢材腐蚀速率有差异，但按照GB/T 13303—1991《钢的抗氧化性能测定方法》划分的抗氧化性级别可知，2种钢材料均属于抗氧化性类型。
The boiler heating surface corrosion and over-temperature bursting seriously affect the boiler safe operation. Especially under the background of coal quality frequent variation, frequent operation adjustment matching the grid load, the heating surface leakage often occurrence, which threatens the stable operation of the units. To investigate the corrosion behavior characteristics of steel at high temperatures, two typical convective heating surface steels T91 and Super304 H were selected to compare their corrosion behavior characteristics under air, hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide three different atmospheres. It is found that the anti-high-temperature corrosion performance of Super304 H steel is significantly better than that of T91 steel. Among the three atmospheres, the ratio of average corrosion rate between T91 steel and Super304 H steel ranges from 2 to 18. The corrosion rate of both steels is the highest under hydrogen sulfide atmosphere and the lowest under sulfur dioxide atmosphere. From the appearance of corrosion products, T91 steel base after corrosion appears obvious corrugation trace, the surface is not glossy and the boundary between corrosion products is obvious. Many pore structures and the cracks can be found and the larger needle like corrosion products show a falling off trend. In contrast, the obvious corrosion trace of Super304 H steel matrix can be seen only in the atmosphere of H_2S. In the atmosphere of SO_2 and air, the surface of the matrix is still flat and the corrosion is not obvious. The line scan analysis of the corrosion products shows that the corrosion layer of T91 is mainly composed of two corrosion layers, Cr_2O_3 and Fe_2O_3. While Super304 H is composed of three corrosion layers, Cr_2O_3,NiO and Fe_2O_3. In terms of the thickness of corrosion layer, that of Super304 H is only 11.94 μm, while that of T91 is 34.8 μm. It indicates that the addition of Cr and Ni can enhance the oxidation resistance of Super304 H. Although the corrosion rates of the two steels are different, according to the oxidation resistance level of GB/T 13303—1991《Test method for oxidation resistance of steel》,the two steels, belong to the oxidation resistance type.

关键词(KeyWords)： 高温腐蚀;锅炉;受热面;含硫烟气;钢材料;H_2S;SO_2
high temperature corrosion;boiler;heating surface;sulphur flue gas;steel material;H_2S;SO_2

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划课题资助项目(2017YFB0603902)

作者(Author): 王小龙,王永东,刘俊杰,李政,熊小鹤
WANG Xiaolong,WANG Yongdong,LIU Junjie,LI Zheng,XIONG Xiaohe

DOI: 10.13226/j.issn.1006-6772.21031002

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