蔡晋,吴玉新,张缦,马强强,刘青,吕俊复,杨海瑞
CAI Jin,WU Yuxin,ZHANG Man,MA Qiangqiang,LIU Qing,LYU Junfu,YANG Hairui

• 1:清华大学能源与动力工程系热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室
• 2:清华大学山西清洁能源研究院
• 3:内蒙古京能康巴什热电有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

循环流化床锅炉炉内低氮燃烧无法满足排放要求时,需要对排烟进行进一步净化。烟气净化工艺主要有SNCR脱硝和SCR脱硝。为了比较2种工艺的经济性,建立了技术经济分析模型,对比分析了满负荷时的经济技术指标。结果表明:脱硝剂价格、催化剂价格和年运行时间是影响脱硝成本的主要因素,尿素价格对SNCR脱硝成本的敏感度最大,液氨对SCR脱硝成本的敏感度大于催化剂价格。SNCR脱硝的运行成本和总成本相对较低时要求NO_x浓度分别低于140和228 mg/m~3。基于入口NO_x浓度200 mg/m~3,对SCR工艺和SNCR工艺的经济性比较表明,当尿素价格低于3 402元/t时,SNCR总成本较低;当液氨单价高于3 300元/t时,SNCR工艺总成本更经济;在催化剂和年运行时间研究波动范围内,SNCR总成本始终最低、最经济。SNCR-SCR联合脱硝工艺不具备经济优势,且入口NO_x浓度为151～273 mg/m~3时总成本最高。超低排放循环流化床锅炉技术可以改善SCR工艺和SNCR工艺的经济性,并使SNCR工艺的优势更为突出。
The exhaust flue gas from a circulating fluidized bed boiler with low nitrogen combustion should be cleaned once again when NO_x concentration exceeds the emission limit. Flue gas purification process mainly includes SNCR denitrification and SCR denitrification.In order to identify the most economical and suitable denitrification technology for circulating fluidized bed combustion conditions, the techno-economic analysis model was suggested and the techno-economic index for two cases was predicted under the condition of full load. The results indicate that reductant price, catalyst price and annual operating time are the main factors affecting the denitrification cost. The price of urea is the most sensitive to the cost of SNCR denitrification, and the sensitivity of liquid ammonia to the cost of SCR denitrification is greater than that of the catalyst. When operating cost and total cost of SNCR denitrification technology are relatively low, NO_x concentration can be required below 140 mg/m~3 and 228 mg/m~3. Based on the inlet NO_x concentration of 200 mg/m~3,the economic comparison between two cases shows that when the price of urea is lower than 3 402 yuan/ton, the total cost of SNCR denitrification technology is lower. When the unit price of liquid ammonia is higher than 3 300 yuan/ton, the total cost of the SNCR denitrification technology is more economical. Within the research fluctuation range of catalyst and annual operating time, the total cost of SNCR denitrification technology is always the lowest and the most economical. SNCR-SCR combined denitration technology has no economic advantage, and the total cost is the highest when the inlet NO_x concentration is 151-273 mg/m~3. Ultra-low emission circulating fluidized bed boiler technology can improve the economy of SCR denitrification technology and SNCR denitrification technology, and make the advantages of SNCR denitrification technology more prominent.

关键词(KeyWords)： 循环流化床锅炉;SCR;SNCR;技术经济分析;超低排放循环流化床锅炉技术
circulating fluidized bed boiler(CFB);SCR;SNCR;techno-economic analysis;ultra-low emission circulating fluidized bed boiler technology

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 山西省科技重大专项资助项目(20181102001);; 清华大学-中国华能集团有限公司基础能源联合研究院项目(U20YYJC10)

作者(Author): 蔡晋,吴玉新,张缦,马强强,刘青,吕俊复,杨海瑞
CAI Jin,WU Yuxin,ZHANG Man,MA Qiangqiang,LIU Qing,LYU Junfu,YANG Hairui

DOI: 10.13226/j.issn.1006-6772.CE21033002

参考文献(References)：

• [1] YUE Guangxi,YANG Hairui,LYU Junfu,et al.Latest development of CFB boilers in China[C]//Proceedings of the 20th international conference on fluidized bed combustion.Springer,Berlin,Heidelberg,2009:3-12.
• [2] 宋畅，吕俊复，杨海瑞，等.超临界及超超临界循环流化床锅炉技术研究与应用[J].中国电机工程学报，2018,38(2):338-347.SONG Chang,LYU Junfu,YANG Hairui,et al.Research and application of supercritical and ultra-supercritical circualting fluidized bed boiler technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(2):338-347.
• [3] 向柏祥，李建锋，杨海瑞，等.大中型循环流化床锅炉机组运行现状分析[J].锅炉技术，2016,47(5):31-39.XIANG Baixiang,LI Jianfeng,YANG Hairui,et al.The operation analysis og medium-sized circualting fluidized bed boiler units[J].Boiler Technology,2016,47(5):31-39.
• [4] BASU P.Circulating fluidized bed boilers:Design,operation and maintenance[M].Springer,Switzerland:[s.n.],2015:8-11.
• [5] 史建勇.燃煤电站烟气脱硫脱硝技术成本效益分析[D].杭州：浙江大学，2015.SHI Jianyong.Cost-benefit analysis of desulfurization and denitration technologies for coal-fired power plants[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2015.
• [6] 孟庆杭.大型循环流化床锅炉SNCR脱硝提效分析[J].青海电力，2015,34(4):26-28.MENG Qinghang.Analysis on the improved efficiency of the SNCR de-nitration for large circulating fluidized bed boiler[J].Qinghai Electric Power,2015,34(4):26-28.
• [7] 张力，张元赏.燃煤电厂脱硝脱硝剂液氨改尿素工艺比选[J].能源与环境，2019(5):77-79.ZHANG Li,ZHANG Yuanshang.Comparison and selection of the process of changing denitrification reducing agent from liquid ammonia to urea in coal fired power plant[J].Energy and Environment,2019(5):77-79.
• [8] 刘扬.张家口电厂300 MW机组烟气脱硝系统改造与分析[D].北京：华北电力大学，2017.LIU Yang.Analysis of denitration transformation performance and economy for the 300 MW unit of zhangjiakou power plant[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2017.
• [9] 李小芳.燃煤电厂脱硝项目投资与运行成本研究[D].北京：华北电力大学，2014.LI Xiaofang.Research on denitration project investment and operation cost of coal-fored power plants[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2014.
• [10] 范军辉，宁华兵，韦斌，等.省煤器表面污染对SCR脱硝经济性的影响[J].发电设备，2018,32(6):414-418.FAN Junhui,NING Huabing,WEI Bin,et al.Effects of economizer surface contamination on economy of the SCR denitrification unit[J].Power Equipment,2018,32(6):414-418.
• [11] 梁磊.130 t/h循环流化床锅炉烟气SNCR脱硝工程设计及应用[J].中国电力，2015,48(10):152-156.LIANG Lei.Design and application of 130 t/h circulating fluidized bed boiler flue gas SNCR denitrification engineering[J].Electric Power,2015,48(10):152-156.
• [12] 胡小刚.燃煤电厂烟气脱硝工艺的技术经济评价研究[D].西安：西北大学，2015.HU Xiaogang.The research of technical and economic evaluation on the flue gas denitration technologies of coal-fired power plants[D].Xi′an:Northwest University,2015.
• [13] 谢风林.300 MW循环流化床锅炉中的SNCR脱硝研究[D].广州：华南理工大学，2015.XIE Fenglin.Research of SNCR denitrafition for 300 MW CFB boilers[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2015.
• [14] SOLTANALI M S,SHAMS H M,PAZOUKI Y M.Economic evaluation for air pollution control technologies selection in power plants processes[J].International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology,2008,5(4):555-564.
• [15] STREETS D G,YU C,BERGIN M H,et al.Modeling study of air pollution due to the manufacture of export goods in China′s Pearl River Delta [J].Environmental Science & Technology,2006,40(7):2099-2107.
• [16] COFALAJ,AMANN M,GYARFAS F,et aL Cost-effective control of SO2 emissions in Asia[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2004,72(3):149-161.
• [17] WANG Y S,XIE B C,SHANG L F,et al.Measures to improve the performance of China′s thermal power industry in view of cost efficiency[J].Apply Energy,2013,112:1078-1086.
• [18] SUN J,SCHREIFELS J,WANG J,et al.Cost estimate of multi-pollutant abatement from the power sector in the Yangtze River Delta region of China[J].Energy Policy,2014,69:478-488.
• [19] 董陈，赵树春，徐宏杰，等.燃煤锅炉SNCR脱硝工艺关键技术[J].热力发电，2016,45(12):73-77,88.DONG Chen,ZHAO Shuchun,XU Hongjie,et al.Key points of SNCR denitrafication technology for coal fired boilers[J].Thermal Power Generation,2016,45(12):73-77,88.
• [20] 柯希玮，蔡润夏，杨海瑞，等.循环流化床燃烧的NOx生成与超低排放[J].中国电机工程学报，2018,38(2):390-395.KE Xiwei,CAI Runxia,YANG Hairui,et al.Formation and ultralow emission of NOx for circulating fluidized bed combustion[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(2):390-395.
• [21] 张缦，张素花，郭学茂，等.流态对CFB燃烧气体污染物排放的影响及其应用[J].工业锅炉，2020(3):11-17,28.ZHANG Man,ZHANG Suhua,GUO Xuemao,et al.The effect and application of solid-gas two-phase flow pattern on the emission in the circulating fluidized bed combustion[J].Industrial Boiler,2020(3):11-17,28.
• [22] 凌文，吕俊复，周托，等.660 MW超超临界循环流化床锅炉研究开发进展[J].中国电机工程学报，2019,39(9):2515-2524.LING Wen,LYU Junfu,ZHOU Tuo,et al.Research anddevelopment progress of the 660 MW ultra-supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2019,39(9):2515-2524.