佟振伟;钟振成;
TONG Zhenwei;ZHONG Zhencheng;National Institute of Clean and-Low-Carbon Energy;

• 1:北京低碳清洁能源研究院

摘要(Abstract)：

以获得具有经济价值的能源或化学品为目标的CO_2化学转化，可实现CO_2的资源化循环利用，是解决我国碳排放问题、实现碳中和目标的潜在路径。光催化技术相比传统的热催化，具有能耗低、反应条件温和等优势，是实现CO_2能源化利用的理想方式之一。然而由于CO_2极其稳定，导致反应转化率低。光催化CO_2转化反应的核心是通过设计催化剂和反应体系，尽可能提高光催化剂的催化活性，进而提高CO_2还原产物的选择性和产率。基于现阶段对光催化CO_2转化技术需求的紧迫性，及时全面了解近几年该领域的研究进展有助于合理分析未来研究方向。主要从光催化还原CO_2反应技术优势、反应机理、催化剂种类和最新研究成果等方面综述了光催化CO_2转化利用的研究进展。详细阐述了光催化体系的组成、CO_2得电子的还原过程和目前CO_2光催化转化产物产量规模及影响产物选择性的因素，重点探讨提高光催化反应转化率的策略，包括引入贵金属助催化剂、构建异质结结构、挖掘新型光催化剂、构建促进电子传递通道和电/热催化与光催化的耦合等。结果表明，上述策略均可不同程度提高CO_2转化反应的转化率，还原产物种类也从C_1产物逐渐发展到C_2产物，其中光电/光热催化相较于单独光催化具有更高的转化率，这使得光催化CO_2转化技术在未来应用的可能性得以提升。此外，指出了当前光催化CO_2能源化利用方面存在的不足，如转化效率低、产物选择性差和无法实现高附加值产物的可控合成等，对光催化实现CO_2能源化利用的研究重点，即高效光催化剂的开发、催化过程动力学反应机理进行了展望。
Aimed at obtaining economically valuable fuels or chemicals, the chemical conversion of CO_2 provides a renewable utilization route for CO_2,which is one of the most promising alternatives to solve current carbon emission issue and achieve CO_2 neutrality. Compared with traditional thermocatalysis, photocatalytic technology has the advantages of low energy consumption and mild reaction conditions, and is one of the ideal solutions to realize the energy utilization of CO_2. However, owing to the chemical stability of CO_2,the conversion reactions that convert CO_2 are relatively low. The research core of photocatalytic CO_2 reduction is to improve the catalytic activity of photocatalysts through the design of catalyst and reaction system so as to improve the selectivity and controllability of the CO_2 reduction products. Due to the urgency of photocatalytic CO_2 conversion technology at the present stage, a timely and comprehensive understanding of the research progress in this field in recent years is helpful to reasonably analyze the possible research direction in the next stage. The research progress of photocatalytic CO_2 reduction was reviewed from the advantages of photocatalysis, reaction mechanism, catalysts and the latest research results. The composition of the photocatalysis system, the electron reduction process of CO_2,and the current products of CO_2 photocatalytic conversion, yield, scale and factors affecting the selectivity of products were described in detail. The strategies to improve the reduction performance were mainly elaborated, including the introduction of noble metals co-catalysts, the construction of heterojunction structure, exploring new photocatalysts, the construction of electron transport channel and coupling of electric or thermal catalysis with photocatalysis, etc. The results show that the above strategies can improve the conversion rate of CO_2 reduction reaction in varying degrees, and the types of reduction products gradually develop from C_1 to C_2. Notably, photoelectric/photothermal catalysis has a higher conversion rate than photocatalysis alone, which improves the possibility of future application of this technology and deserves much research and attention. In addition, it is pointed out that the current photocatalytic reduction of CO_2 has problems of insufficient conversion efficiency, poor product selectivity, and unable to achieve controllable synthesis of high value-added products, etc. Future research should focus on the development of high-efficiency photocatalysts and the catalytic kinetics.

关键词(KeyWords)： CO_2还原;光催化;光催化剂;选择性;CO产率;光热还原
CO_2 reduction;photocatalysis;photocatalyst;selectivity;CO yield;photothermal reduction

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家能源集团科技创新资助项目(KJ9300000562)

作者(Authors): 佟振伟;钟振成;
TONG Zhenwei;ZHONG Zhencheng;National Institute of Clean and-Low-Carbon Energy;

DOI: 10.13226/j.issn.1006-6772.21062102

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