曹丽琼,张丽宏,郭彦霞,程芳琴
CAO Liqiong,ZHANG Lihong,GUO Yanxia,CHENG Fangqin

• 1:山西大学资源与环境工程研究所国家环境保护煤炭废弃物资源化高效利用技术重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

以煤矸石为原料提取氧化铝是煤矸石高值利用的主要途径之一,热活化可有效激发煤矸石中含铝矿物的反应活性,提高酸浸过程中铝的溶出率,是一种行之有效的活化方式。但该过程会受煅烧温度、氧气浓度、有机碳等因素影响。笔者考察了不同氧气浓度、煅烧温度对煤矸石热活化酸浸提铝效率的影响,并对比了煤矸石和无烟煤调配煤矸石中碳含量对煤矸石热活化酸浸提铝效率的影响。结果表明,增加氧气浓度(0～21%)可显著提高煤矸石热活化后铝的浸出率,氧气浓度提高到21%,即接近空气气氛中煅烧时,铝浸出率达到74.24%,氧气浓度进一步提高到50%时对铝浸出率的影响不大。煅烧温度在600～900℃,随煅烧温度升高,煅烧后煤矸石的氧化铝浸出率呈先升高后缓慢下降的趋势;煅烧温度为700℃时,氧化铝浸出率最高,为72.99%;煅烧温度提高到900℃时,铝浸出率大幅度降低,仅为31.77%。煤矸石的烧失量主要是由于碳质等有机质燃烧造成的,对活化后铝的浸出率有一定影响,烧失量随氧气浓度(0～21%)和煅烧温度的提高而增加,增大烧失量有利于提高铝浸出率,主要因为焙烧过程中产生的气体释放量增大,煤矸石变得疏松,使得活性组分与酸的接触更加充分,从而有利于铝的浸出。煤矸石和配碳煤矸石中碳含量对煤矸石热活化酸浸提铝效率有一定影响且规律相似,碳含量低于23%时,铝浸出率随碳含量的增加而降低;碳含量高于23%时,铝浸出率随碳含量的增加而提高。
The extraction of alumina from coal gangue is one of the main ways of high value utilization of coal gangue. Thermal activation can effectively stimulate the reaction activity of aluminum bearing minerals in coal gangue and improve the dissolution rate of aluminum in acid leaching process,which is a simple and effective way to activate coal gangue.However,the process is affected by calcination temperature,oxygen concentration,carbon content and other factors.In this paper,the effects of different oxygen concentration and calcination temperature on the efficiency of thermal activated acid leaching of gangue were investigated,and the effects of carbon content in coal gangue and anthracite coal gangue with carbon on the efficiency of thermal activated acid leaching of gangue were studied.The results show that the increasing oxygen concentration( 0-21%) can significantly improve the leaching rate of aluminum from coal gangue after thermal activation.When the oxygen concentration is increased to 21%,that is close to the air atmosphere,the leaching rate of aluminum reaches to 74.24%.However,when the oxygen concentration is increased to 50%,the effect on the leaching rate of aluminum is not significant.In addition,when the calcination temperature is between 600 ℃ and 900 ℃,with the increase of calcination temperature,the alumina leaching rate of coal gangue after calcining presents a trend of first increasing and then decreasing slowly.When the calcination temperature is 700 ℃,the alumina leaching rate reaches to 72.99%.But when the calcination temperature is increased to 900 ℃,the aluminum leaching rate is greatly reduced to 31.77%.Besides,the loss of coal gangue is mainly caused by the combustion of organic matter,such as carbon,which has a certain effect on the leaching rate of activated aluminum.The loss on ignition increases with the increase of oxygen concentration( 0-21%) and calcination temperature. The increase of loss on ignition is propitious to the increase of leaching rate of aluminum,mainly because of the increase of gas released from roasting process and the loosening of coal gangue,which makes the contact between active component and acid more fully,and thus is propitious to the leaching of aluminum. Lastly,the effect of carbon content in coal gangue and coal gangue with carbon on the leaching efficiency of aluminum from coal gangue by thermal activation acid is similar.When the carbon content is less than 23%,the leaching rate of aluminum decreases with the increase of carbon content.But when the carbon content is above 23%,the leaching rate of aluminum increases with the increase of carbon content.

关键词(KeyWords)： 煤矸石;碳量;热活化;盐酸酸浸;铝浸出率
coal gangue;carbon content;thermal activation;hydrochloric acid leaching;aluminum extraction rate

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFB0603100,2017YFB0603101);; 山西省煤基低碳科技重大专项资助项目(MC2016-05);; 山西省应用基础研究项目(201801D221328);; 山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2017109)

作者(Author): 曹丽琼,张丽宏,郭彦霞,程芳琴
CAO Liqiong,ZHANG Lihong,GUO Yanxia,CHENG Fangqin

DOI: 10.13226/j.issn.1006-6772.19082301

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